Research Planning Uop Res728

Research Planning Paper University of Phoenix – RES 728 Research Planning Paper Funding for domestic violence shelters in Sebastian County, Arkansas has decreased with the decline of the state’s economy beginning in 2010, when most manufacturing jobs were outsourced to foreign countries. Funding now primarily comes from private and non-profit sponsors and donors. This change in funding has brought about the need to be responsive to the wants and needs of not only the victims but also of the donors that provide the funding for the shelters.The expectations of the donors with regard to the role of paid employees referred to as advocates and the volunteers has also changed. The donors expect the advocates and volunteers to be on call 24 hours a day 7 days a week and the shelters’ executives have had to establish in written form the boundaries established for the role of employees and volunteers. The focus of this study will be the actual role of the employees and vo lunteers versus the perceived role of the employees and volunteers by the private and non-profit sponsors and donors.This study will require data to be gathered from all persons involved with the domestic violence shelters, which will include donors, executives, employees, and volunteers. The data that will be collected during this study will be relevant to the perceptions of the domestic violence shelters’ executives, employees, and volunteers’ role versus what the donors to the shelters perceive to be the roles of the people that work on either a paid or volunteer basis. The data collection methods will include participant observations, informal interviews, and open-ended questionnaires. Data Collection and Sampling StrategiesThe data will be collected during the annual fundraiser by observing the interactions of the donors with the executives, employees, and volunteers that are participating in the fund raiser. Observations of the way each cohort interacts with one another, whether there is respect shown toward the employees, volunteers, executives, and donors. According to Kawulich (2005), observations allow the researcher to see the nonverbal expressions, determine who interacts with whom, determine the manner in which communication takes place and to ascertain how much time is spent on the various interactions.Kawulich also posits that observation allows for the checking of definitions of certain terms used within the environment by the participants while also allowing the observation of the mannerisms of the participants that indicate their resolve not to be impolite, politically incorrect, or insensitive. The informal interviews according to Turner (2010), work well for the spontaneous generation of questions within the natural interaction that occurs with informal conversation. The informal interview will not have a predetermined number of or structure of questions.It is the feeling of Turner and this researcher that this would interfere with the flexibility and naturalness of the interviews. The main disadvantage to this method of data collection is the potential to stray from the research topic. The last method of data collection will be the use of open-ended questionnaires, which will have five questions for the participants to answer after receiving instruction about the data collection tool. According to Sapsford and Jupp (2006), the chief advantage of the questionnaire is that it can be administered to a group of people at the same time.Sapsford and Jupp posit that the main disadvantage to questionnaires is that some people will not return the questionnaire to the researcher. Data Management and Analysis According to Merriam (2009), the preferred method of data analysis is to perform the analysis during the data collection. Merriam posits that without ongoing analysis prevents confusion, inability to focus, and may allow the sheer volume of the data to become overwhelming for the researcher. Bogdan and Biklen (1998) as cited by Merriam (2009, p. 171) offer ten suggestions for analyzing data as it is collected.Those suggestions include: 1) Make decisions to narrow the study 2) Make decision about the type of study you want to accomplish 3) Develop analytic questions 4) Plan data collection sessions according to what was previously experienced 5) Record as many observer’s notes as possible as you go 6) Write memos to yourself about what you are learning 7) Try out ideas and themes on participants 8) Begin exploring the literature while in the field 9) Play with metaphors, analogies, and concepts 10) Use visual devices.Data collection and analysis could possibly go on forever but once the researcher has reached saturation or in other words, information starts repeating itself then the researcher knows it is time to stop the collection of data. Managing the data during the collection process requires that coding or the assignment of some sort of shorthand designation that will allow the researcher to find the information quickly and with ease (Merriam, 2009). Data analysis can be performed by hand by developing categories or themes for the data collected.Coding is the assignment of notations next to data as you read over the data. It is like marking in the side margin what you the researcher believes is potentially relevant to your research (Merriam, 2009). Assigning codes to the pieces of data is the way the researcher begins categorizing the data. This process is used for each set of data to be analyzed. Data analysis can also be performed with the use of modern technology such as the computer and software programs developed especially for qualitative data analysis such as CAQDAS (computer assisted qualitative data analysis software), MAXQDA, ATLAS. i, HyperRESEARCH and NVivo. Bazeley asserts that the use of technology for data analysis further than is possible when performing analysis by hand (2006). According to Leech and Onwuegbuzie (2007), CAQDAS programs provide an excellent tool for recording, storing, indexing, and sorting the voluminous data that are the hallmark of many qualitative research studies. Bazeley also posits that another advantage to using CAQDAS programs is that the programs can record all of the major analytic decisions that the researcher makes, which then leaves an audit trail.However, it is noted by Leech et al. , that even though programs can help the researcher analyze the data the program cannot analyze the data for the researcher. Denzin and Lincoln (2005) make the point that the researcher is still the main tool for analysis and the flexibility, creativity, insight, and intuition of the researcher should never be replaced by mechanical analysis of data. Conclusion The use of multiple data collection and analysis methods allows the researcher to use the strength of all chosen methods in order to get a better picture of what they are focusing on in the study.Using multiple qualitative data analysis tools can help researchers to address what Denzin and Lincoln (2005) refer to as the crisis of representation, namely, the difficulty in capturing lived experiences via text. Denzin and Lincoln posit that using multiple types of data collection and analysis makes the process of qualitative research more rigorous, which may make qualitative research even more popular than it has become. References Bazeley, P. (2006). The contribution of computer software to integrating qualitative and quantitative data and analyses.Research in the Schools,, 13(1), 64-74. Bogdan, R. C. , & Biklen, S. K. (1998). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods. Bosston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Denzin, N. K. a. L. , Y S. (2005). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. D. Y. S. Lincoln (Ed. ), The sage handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed. ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Kawulich, B. B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. Forum: Qualitative Social Research: Sozialforschung, 6(2). Leech, N. L. & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2005). Qualitative data analysis: Ways to improve accountability in qualitative research. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada. Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Sapsford, R. J. , V. (2006). Data Collection and Analysis (2nd ed. ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Turner, D. W. , III. (2010). Qualitative interview design: A practical guide for novice investigators. The Qualitative Report, 15(3), 754-760.

Sports Day

Sports Day Sports Day Sport day is took placed in every school every year, seemed like just an ordinary day when all students come and do some activities together, but there are more interesting things when you take a look of sport day deeply. Fun, harmony, friendship between the senior and the junior are able to be seen from that day, Sport day. My duty was to do the equipments. My friends and I had to do try to sew it as quick as possible. One of my friend said we worked like the machine.Many of my friends came to help though it was not on their responsibilities. Finally, we had done. As a result of cooperation, everything can be done successfully. It made me and my friends spend the time with each other more and more. One day before sports day, many of my friends and I worked together until night. I have never gone home late like this before. Although very tired, I concentrated on my work. It made me and friends fun, have much more unity in the class, have the friendship between o ther classes. Releted essay –  An Empty Purse Frightens Away FriendsAnd my impression on this activity is when I saw everybody help each other do their work and in the real sport day that I saw everybody try to do their best. It’s very impressed me. These sport day activities gave me many lessons such as, make me has more patience, make me have to talk to each other before do everything to get the success work, make me have to do the work against time but the work must be in high quality, and the last it’s taught me that although we win or we lose, it’s doesn’t matter if we do our best.There are many people who think that sport day is ridiculous. However, if you don't come and see how superb the sport day is, you will never feel such a great experience like this. Thanks to Triamudomsuksa School for giving me and my friends this wonderful day. I am proud to be a part of this event. I will consider this day as the most memorable day in my life. Sports Day COMPETENCY LEVEL TEST Date: CHEMISTRY Grade:State true or false. The minimum number of carbon atoms in a ketone molecule is two. (1) 5. How does the number of valence electrons vary on moving from left to right in a period? (1) 6. The horizontal rows in a periodic table are called as   (1) 7. Name the property of carbon element responsible for a large number of compounds having carbon. (1) 8. On what basis did Mendeleev arrange the elements in his periodic table? On what basis are they arranged now? (2) 9. Three elements A,B & C have electronic configurations (2,7) ; (2,8,1) & (2,8,7).Which pairs of elements belong to the same group. Which of these is a metal. (2) 10. Five elements A,B, C, D & E have atomic numbers 2,9,11,12 &20. respectively. (i) Which pair of elements are in the same period? (ii) Which of these belong to same period? (2) 11. State two characteristics of homologous series . (2) 12. State any two changes in the properties of I group elements of modern periodic tabl e, if we move downwards. (2) 13. How does metallic character varies in a group and a period? (2) 14. What are structural isomers? Write two structural isomers of butane.

REFLECTIVE EASSY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

REFLECTIVE EASSY - Essay Example The teacher had an excellent mastery of content and commented on all of my assignment. My participation in the class and the tests I have done were a great deal to me. They helped me be more confident and aware of what I was learning. If I could improve on my punctuality maybe, I could grasp everything that was being taught in the class. I also feel like more homework’s, and group discussion could have improved my performance. However, I did the best in class participation that helped me in gaining the knowledge. Every topic was well explained, and I understood each concept. However, for the sake of those who are slow learners, I would recommend more practical on the topic. Instructors should not focus on the theory part only but engage the students on practical to make us improve our understanding. Measuring my future effects according to my personal review including what I have understood from the course; I accumulated lots of knowledge and know the knowledge will guide me on achieving my future goals. The practical I have also done I can apply them in my profession in the

History final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History final - Essay Example The political culture of the United States is set on the stage of the ideals that have been mentioned above and the features of American politics include a scrappy and uneven system of governance with significant emphasis on the rights of each individual. American Civil War: The Reformation From the time of American Civil War, the country has reformed itself to a great extent although it has moved away from its roots or the way in which the philosophers have tried to describe the society of each state. While considering the history of the world, it can be clearly established that America has emerged as a super power to the rest of the world. The ideals of liberty, equality and power has been reshaped or molded to offer more to the people of this country or suffice their needs. Therefore, the country that went into a Civil War from the year 1861 has undergone massive changes whether it is related to the general public and their views about the politics and governance or the center of power. The global market that has become one with the smaller countries has a similar effect in the American society as well. Broadly speaking, the principles of liberty have changed in different contexts for a society that thrives on conflict and consensus. However, these ideals or principles have consistently remained as the base of the society and a majority of debates surround the fact whether these ideals have materialized or benefited the society and not whether they are in place. In short, the force is on the achievements rather than the indifferences as far as the ideals maxims of liberty, equality and power is concerned. Liberty If a discussion is to be held on the ideal of liberty, the definition and interpretation of this word must be taken into account. Thus, the Americans define this term as their first step of becoming and living in an independent society or their freedom to do anything although it is necessary to reflect this ideal within the purview of law. As a matt er of fact, the Civil War has genuinely reconstructed the society and it has become liberal to the Afro-Asian people particularly in the modern society. As far as the Constitution of the United States is concerned, it defines the structure of the governance and power; at the same time, the Bill of Rights guarantees the liberty and freedom of the people residing in this country. When it comes to economic liberty, the Americans are opinionated towards a non-interfering government in this respect. The concept of laissez-faire capitalism that existed in the United States throughout a major portion of the nineteenth century that resulted in an economic system in which the government had no role to play changed later although the people of the country believe that the intervention of the government should not extend beyond a certain limit. Equality With Equality, the definition of the word is quite complicated as to its literal meaning. In fact, inequality exists in every society as each individual is different than the other and the American society is no exception in this manner. The Americans of African origin are poorer than those with fair skin. Additionally, inequality also depends on people belonging to different backgrounds and their means of living. However, the political equality tends to emphasize on the fact there would not exist any kind of inequality between people belonging to different race, which is popularly identified as racial discrimination and that every citizen would be

Supporting new business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Supporting new business - Essay Example Identification of your competitors - Is there any product, similar to your product, available in the market If yes, how different would be your product from them Why will they buy your product when they are using pre-existing products To answer your potential customers, you will have to perform a gap analysis between your product and those available in the market and highlight the key features of your product that will be beneficial to them. In nut shell, prepare plans for beating the competition. Identification of sales channel for the product - Are you planning for direct sale Are you planning to sale it through the dealers or online on the internet How will the product be delivered to the customers Estimation of the underlying infrastructure needed to support your business - What kind of machinery will be required for the production How many people will be needed to manufacture your product Do you require human resources for any other function of the business One needs money to start a business and to run every function of the business. Where will the required financial support come from You need to assess your financial capacity against what your business needs and fill this gap by arranging for the additional money. Identification of the source of funding - Do you have enough money to support your business If not, who will... Correct estimation of sales and market potential for your product will help you in making a realistic financial plan than simply relying on assumptions. Business Plan: Inputs from market research will enable you making of systematic business plan. Through business plan, entrepreneur will focus on strategies for running the business. Some of the key tasks of a business plan are: Identify the location of the business - How big should be the premises Will it be easily accessible by the targeted customers Is it affordable Identification of sales channel for the product - Are you planning for direct sale Are you planning to sale it through the dealers or online on the internet How will the product be delivered to the customers Estimation of the underlying infrastructure needed to support your business - What kind of machinery will be required for the production How many people will be needed to manufacture your product Do you require human resources for any other function of the business Identification of sales and promotion strategy - How will you promote your products in the market How will you make targeted customers aware of your product Analysis of the possible risk/threats to the new business - Identify, in what ways your business may fail Think about the mitigation plans to tackle those failure modes Financial Investment and Planning: One needs money to start a business and to run every function of the business. Where will the required financial support come from You need to assess your financial capacity against what your business needs and fill this gap by arranging for the additional money. Financial planning refers to: Identification of the source of funding - Do you have enough money to support your business If not,

Impact of terrorism on employee engagement of female educators in Dissertation

Impact of terrorism on employee engagement of female educators in peshawar, pakistan - Dissertation Example This is a major exogenous factor with enormous significance in under developed countries like Pakistan. Women potentially represent 50% of the workforce in any economy. Where women are barred from educational opportunity and subsequently from prospects of gainful employment the impact on economic growth and development is likely to be profound. Female illiteracy results in high birth rates, high infant mortality and high incidences of poverty. This situation is recognised by the Pakistani Government through its social policy of co-education. 1.1. ORGANISATIONAL BACKGROUND AND RELEVANCE The research focuses on the impact of an external factor on the engagement of female educators; therefore, it is not ideal to use one organisation’s data for any analysis. Hence, 4 different schools were used to conduct the research initially. The data gathered was used to make formulate some key propositions regarding the situation in the region. The schools were divided into two groups. One gr oup operates in the state financed co-educational system whilst the second group offers private education and focuses exclusively on educating females. The research will derive the trends of employee engagement within the 2 different settings of the 4 schools and explore whether there are differences and if there are in what ways they become manifest. In addition, an effort is made to ascertain the extent to which any differences are a result of institutional policies and practices. Further research that focused on one school only was then conducted . The school chosen for further research was the one most affected by terrorist activities. It also happened to be a school dedicated to the education of females and therefore a specific target. Staff behaviours and reactions in this context it was felt would provide deeper insights into the impact of terrorism on employee engagement . The Snowballing technique was used to identify specific schools and in particular the school that becam e the focus for in depth research. Snowball Sampling is commonly used when it is difficult to identify members of the desired population (Saunders et al 2009). Moreover, purposive sampling was used to identify four junior teachers for interviews in each school. It was also used to choose the school for further research. Purposive sampling enables you to select cases that will best enable you to answer your research question(s) and to meet your objectives (Saunders 2009). Due to ethical considerations, the names of the schools are kept anonymous. This reasons are revealed in later chapters. 1.2. Employee Engagement Employee engagement is defined as the passion and energy employees when giving their own best to the organization in order to serve the customer. It is all about the willingness and ability of employees to give sustained discretionary effort to help their organization succeed. (Sarah Cook, 2008). Employee engagement, also called work engagement or worker engagement, is a b usiness management concept. An "engaged employee" is one who is fully involved in, and enthusiastic about, his or her work, and thus will act in a way that furthers their organization’s interests. Ken Scarlett defines â€Å"employee engagement† as an individual’s degree of positive or negative emotional attachment to their organization, their job and their colleagues.

Read an article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Read an article - Essay Example However, a contradiction in this theory came in the form of Hayek, who believes that it is not a problem of lack of private property, rather; the lack of knowledge that presents a challenge to socialism (Hoppe 143). This paper will examine the author of Socialism: A Property or Knowledge Problem and his line of thought. This is while focusing on what ideas he might offer the audience in terms of the concepts of socialism, and how it might affect them. Hans-Hermann Hoppe chose to discredit Hayek with his theory, saying that it was completely false and ridiculous. In an effort to discredit Hayek and his school of thought, he brings forth arguments to support Mises’s thesis. Mises’s thesis advocates for the presence of private property in land and production factors for there to be proper channels of economic calculation. There being a medium of exchange in the form of money, it would then be possible to calculate and make comparison of the economic situation. Hoppe makes the assumption that Hayek does not have the right arguments to support his thesis about socialism. Hayek purports that socialism and its ultimate flaw is that knowledge about certain circumstances of place and time exist in widely dispersed form, as the personal possession of various individuals (Hoppe 144). Hoppe may have an inclination toward Mises’s school of thought. ... The author, Hoppe, criticizes Hayek by asking a question that would be on the minds of the audience about why clubs, firms, and families exist if his line of thought were to be true. It is Hayek’s belief that a decentralized use of knowledge may lead to the solving of socialism’s ills. In this decentralized use of knowledge, individuals are left to their own devices and can make their decisions (Hoppe 144). To some extent, the above may be true. However, the author tries to explain that when individuals are left to their own decision making abilities, it would be next to impossible to ignore the central plan, as they would not be constrained by the normal things in society. He further claims that if the deciding factor or the solution to socialism’s problems was a decentralized form of thinking, it would be a daunting task to explain why the problems faced by socialism are different from those faced by any other social order. According to Mises and his followers, this line of thought is beside the point. Hoppe points out that it is not the existence of centralized knowledge, or the lack of the use of decentralized knowledge that brings problems to socialism, rather; the absence of property. This ultimately leads to the lack or absence of prices (Hoppe 145). The author claims that Hayek came to realize what Mises had said, but tried to integrate it into his own thesis. This, according to Hoppe, was an elaborate attempt to create a higher and much better theory or line of thinking with regards to the socialism theory, which failed miserably. It is clear from the above that agreeing that socialism’s central or key problem lies in the lack of knowledge. According to the author, private property is the only channel through which information can be transferred.